Predicting Throughput and Latency in Hyperledger Fabric Blockchains Using Random Forest Regression

Abstract

The study focuses on enhancing the performance optimization of Hyperledger Fabric blockchains through predictive modeling using Random Forest regression. It emphasizes the importance of accurately predicting two critical performance metrics—throughput (measured in transactions per second or TPS) and latency (defined as the time taken to confirm transactions). These metrics directly influence the efficiency and user experience of blockchain applications, making their accurate prediction essential for configuring blockchain networks effectively. The research leverages data collected through Hyperledger Caliper, a benchmarking tool, which provides detailed measurements of various configuration parameters, including block size, transaction arrival rate, and the number of orderer nodes. Through rigorous exploratory data analysis, the study identifies how these parameters impact throughput and latency, revealing complex interdependencies that challenge traditional optimization approaches. Using Random Forest regression, a robust ensemble learning method, the study demonstrates that the predictive model can achieve high accuracy. The performance of the model is assessed using metrics such as R-squared values, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), which collectively underscore its ability to offer reliable predictions across varying configurations. The results of this research provide practical insights for blockchain administrators, allowing them to configure Hyperledger Fabric settings more efficiently, thereby reducing the trial-and-error process typically involved in performance tuning. Moreover, the study's findings contribute to the broader field of blockchain performance optimization by offering a data-driven framework that bridges theoretical analysis with practical application in real-world scenarios. Looking forward, the study suggests avenues for future research, including expanding the dataset to cover more diverse blockchain platforms and configurations, incorporating real-world deployment data for validation, and exploring additional machine learning algorithms for even greater predictive accuracy. This approach highlights the critical role of data-driven methodologies in optimizing blockchain network performance and encourages further collaboration and exploration in the domain.